It proposes three needs that must all be satisfied in order for an individual to be motivated. Many academics have examined various theories with respect to satisfying needs and motivation. Alderfer s erg theory can be used to explain someone s motivation to work in a job because the theory is applicable to many different narratives of employees. The erg theory is based on the work of maslow, so it has much. Erg motivation theory and implications for managers pmi. Erg theory of motivation was proposed by clayton p. Erg theory differences to and improvements on the maslow. Business leaders find that motivated employees are often synonymous with a companys ability to achieve high levels of productivity, which can equate to increased profitability with high gross. Erg theory alderfer motivationtheory clayton alderfer proposed the erg theory in a condensed version of maslow s hierarchy of need t o address some of the limitations of maslows hierarchy. Read this article to learn about the alderfers erg theory of motivation, its advantages and limitations. The latter is an experimentallyconfirmed, albeit less widelyknown upgraded version of maslows model. An employee is more than just another input to the production of a good or service. As both of these factors increase, so does motivation strength, or. Reinforcement theory expectancy theory equity theory goal setting maslows hierarchy of needs physiological esteem social safety selfactualization.
The theory was developed by clayton paul alderfer, an american psychologist, and consultant, between the 60s and the 70s, based on the empirical study conducted at a. Erg theory of motivation team management training from epm. Erg is mostly applied to the study of human motivation in the workplace as a tool for increasing. Lets have a closer look at alderfers motivational model, 1969s erg theory.
The name erg stands for the three needs that alderfer identifies in his theory. In several aspects while alderfers theory is similar to the one given by maslow. The theory, which was developed from maslows motivational hierarchy by the us organizational psychologist clayton p. Alderfers erg theory is the extension of maslows needs hierarchy, wherein the maslows five needs are categorized into three categories, viz. Alderfer further developed maslow s hierarchy of needs by categorizing the hierarchy into his erg theory existence, relatedness and growth. Erg theory by clayton alderfer, a great motivation theory. Pdf an empirical study of the existence, relatedness, and. On a work level, this means that managers must recognize his employees multiple simultaneous needs. This study utilized alderfers existence, relatedness, and growth erg theory of human needs as the basic framework to investigate consumer satisfaction and. Erg motivation theory and implications for managers suparna kapoor one of the most challenging task for managers and leaders is to ensure that people and team members are more productive and stay motivated enough to actually get things done as per the organizational and project requirements. Comparing maslow, alderfer, and mcclelland most theories of motivation revolve around the idea an employees needs influence their motivation.
Difference between maslow need hierarchy theory and alderfers erg theory erg theory states that at a given point of time, more than one need may be operational. According to him there are 3 groups of core needs as mentioned above. Alderfer, in which he distinguishes three categories of human needs that influence workers behavior. Equity theory motivation is affected by ones perception accurate or inaccurate of the relative outcome rewards one receives and. Alderfer s erg theory of motivation imagine a classroom where motivation is not an issue. As each need is fulfilled, it serves as motivation to fulfill a different need. Existence needs, relatedness needs, and growth needs. The theory was a follow up of abraham maslows 5 stages hierarchy of needs theory. It also acknowledges the fact that the specific combination of needs that must be fulfilled is specific to the individual.
Alderfers erg theory allows the order of the needs to differ for different people e. While the two theories certainly share some common elements, they each come at the topic of motivation and needs from a slightly different perspective. In this video i have tried to explain alderfers erg theory of motivation. Theory of motivation was published by clayton paul alderfer as a further extension of maslows pyramid of needs. The research objective is to gain attention to the relevance of theories of motivation in retail business. Existence needs physiological and safety needs relatedness needs involvement with family, friends, coworkers and employers. Aldefer is an american psychologist known for his further development of maslows hierarchy of needs theory. Mar 18, 2018 the erg theory talks about three levels of needs and is based on maslows needs hierarchy which proposes 5 levels of needs. They are similar to the physiological and safety needs suggested by. The existencerelatednessgrowth erg theory of motivation was proposed by clayton p.
Erg theory is a theory of human needs and motivation by clayton p. Theory 24 alderfers existence, relatedness and growth erg theory use when a member of your team has regressed to a lower level of. The existence group is concerned with providing the basic material existence requirements of humans. Erg theory of motivation is the condensed form of maslows hierarchy of needs. Maslows hierarchy of needs is often depicted as a fivelevel pyramid, with the highest need at the top, and the lowest need at the bottom. An american psychologist clayton paul alderfer had proposed this theory and believed that each need carries some value and hence.
Feb 23, 2019 in this video i have tried to explain alderfer s erg theory of motivation. Motivation theories content theories of motivation. Retailers should emphasis on providing motivation factors to motivate consumers18. Jan 08, 2019 in this video, we explain the erg theory of motivation by clayton paul alderfer. Pdf the motivation theories and their effect on the employees. Erg theory shows that a person works on fulfilling these needs simultaneously or separately depending on the difference of goals, status, and the environment. Give an example of how the erg theory could be used. What is motivation willingness to exert high levels of effort toward organizational. Hes known for his study of workplace race relations and for his rebuilding of maslows famous pyramid. The erg theory of motivation is a simplified but more flexible version of maslows hierarchy of needs.
Maslows theory was further explored and refined by clayton p. Alderfer condensed maslows 5 stages to three and just. Alderfer 1940, has been widely applied to issues of workplace motivation and consumer behaviour. Alderfers theory of motivation, sometimes also threefactor theory or abbreviated erg existence, relatedness and growth is a theory dealing with the motivation of people. Like the needsgoal theory, motivation strength is determined by the perceived value of the result of performing a behavior and the perceived probability that the behavior performed will cause the result to materialize. The following is a brief technical comparison between abraham maslows hierarchy of needs model and clayton alderfers e. Maslows need hierarchy alderfers erg theory mccllellands learned needs herzbergs two factor theory process theories of motivation. In a reaction to maslows famous hierarchy of needs, alderfer distinguishes three categories of human needs that influence workers behavior. Alderfers erg theory from 1969 condenses maslows five human needs into three categories.
Motivation is a huge part of success in business, and you need your teams to be motivated at all times but that isnt going to be possible if the needs of your. After reading you will understand the basics of this powerful motivation theory introduction. Yang 2011 an empirical study of the erg theory in consumers selection. Erg theory also shows that if the fulfillment of a higherlevel need is subdued, there is an increase in desire for satisfying a lowerlevel need. By being aware of the main theories behind motivation, organizations can start to center their policies around these in order to enhance motivation of the workforce. Jan 09, 2018 erg theory of motivation is the condensed form of maslows hierarchy of needs. No, alderfer was not a physicist and erg in this case is not a unit of energy equal to 107 joules. Relevance of theories of motivation in retail business. This is based on similar needs as maslows theory, but emphasizes the fact that if higher tiers are not fulfilled then the demand for the fulfillment of lower tiers will increase. Maslows need hierarchy theory, alderfers erg theory, and mcclellands need theory. Alderfer american psychologist introduced the erg theory in 1969 alderfers erg theory simplifies maslows hierarchy of needs alderfers erg theory contends there are three basic needs an employee seeks to fulfill.
Mar 18, 2015 today we will discuss a theory by clayton p. Alderfers erg theory is closely related to another popular theory, maslows hierarchy of needs. Alderfer s erg theory contends there are three basic needs an employee seeks to fulfill. Alderfer further developed maslows hierarchy of needs by categorizing the hierarchy into his erg theory existence, relatedness and growth. Clayton alderfer developed a revised version of maslows hierarchy of needs in 1969 the model is a useful view of motivation and is backed by empirical evidence alderfer created three levels of motivation and called it the erg theory. Existence, relatedness, growth erg theory of motivation. Erg motivation theory alderfer employee motivation. The erg theory has identified the needs into following three categories.
Alderfer, in which he distinguishes three categories of human needs that influence worker s behavior. Clayton alderfer was an american psychologist who held academic posts at yale and rutger. Alderfers erg theory contends there are three basic needs an employee seeks to fulfill. Erg theory of motivation consists of three groups of core needs. Alderfers erg theory is a simplified version of maslows hierarchy of needs that suggests that all human needs can be accessed and satisfied. During the process of refining and extending maslows theory, alderfer provided another needbased theory and a somewhat more useful perspective on motivation. Alderfer, who developed the erg theory that categorized human motivation based on existence, relatedness, and growth. Alderfers erg theory mccllellands learned needs herzbergs two factor theory. Existence needs this group of needs is concerned with providing the basic requirements for material existence, such as physiological and safety needs. Applying alderfers erg theory to employee engagement erg theory has been put to the test by many researchers. Clayton alderfers erg theory, process theories of motivation. No, alderfer was not a physicist and erg in this case is not a unit of energy equal to 10 7 joules. The content theories of motivation have been based on early theories of motivation, the most important of which are maslows hierarchy of needs, alderfers erg theory, herzbergs twofactor theory, and mcclellands theory of needs lynne, 2012.
Erg theory to address some of the limitations of maslows hierarchy as a theory of motivation, clayton alderfer proposed the erg theory, which like maslows theory, describes needs as a hierarchy. The three categories proposed by alderfers erg theory are. Pdf an empirical study of the existence, relatedness. Clayton alderfer s erg theory alderfer has tried to rebuild the hierarchy of needs of maslow into another model named erg, i. You can think of alderfers erg theory of motivation as a simplified version of maslows hierarchy of needs. Abraham maslow, a psychologist, first published his need hierarchy theory of motivation in 1943. Existence needs include all material and physiological desires e. Clayton alderfer reformulated maslows need hierarchy theory. Erg theory is a theory in psychology proposed by clayton alderfer. Alderfer s erg theory from 1969 condenses maslows five human needs into three categories. Erg motivation theory alderfer employee motivation theories. Existence needs relate to the basic survival of human beings.
However, there are some key differences between the two versions. In other words, all students try their hardest, complete assignments on time, and seem eager to learn. Get an answer for give an example of how the erg theory could be used to explain someones motivation to work in a job. Erg theory refinement to the maslow theory of motivation clear application to change leadership and management. Its a extension of maslows pyramid of needs arranged by the specific needs of. Alderfers theory of motivation, sometimes also threefactor theory or abbreviated erg existence, relatedness and growth is the theories of human motivation. The erg need theory developed by alderfer, condenses the five needs given by maslow into three needs. In a reaction to the famous hierarchy of needs by maslow, alderfer distinguishes three categories of human needs that influence workers behavior.
Alderfer s erg theory allows the order of the needs to differ for different people e. Aldefer is an american psychologist known for his further development of maslows hierarchy of needs theory in the erg theory existence is. Alderfers erg theory of motivation imagine a classroom where motivation is not an issue. Erg theory a theory of human motivationthat focuses on three groups of needs that form a hierarchy. The diagonal model of job satisfaction and motivation. Erg theory states that at a given point of time, more than one need may be operational. Its a extension of maslows pyramid of needs arranged by the specific needs of the abstract need into three basic levels. It was revisited in schneider and alderfers 1973 paper, three studies of measures of need satisfaction in organizations, and later backed by robbins and judge 2008. In this video, we explain the erg theory of motivation by clayton paul alderfer. This is very similar to maslow but maybe a bit more rational. Existence relatedness growth erg theory what is human. Motivating by meeting basic human needs maslows hierarchy of needs 2.
The theory was developed by clayton paul alderfer, an american psychologist, and consultant, between the 60s and the 70s, based on the empirical study conducted at a factory in easton, pennsylvania. Since the need hierarchy theory of abraham maslow is being the core of study, this theory is dealt in detail in chapter i11 separately. This article explains the erg theory by clayton alderfer in a practical way. In other words, all students try their hardest, complete. The erg word is derived from the first letters of each. Let us now consider three popular content theories of motivation. He arranges the pyramid of human needs from specific needs to abstract needs into three basic stages. In a reaction to the famous hierarchy of needs by maslow, alderfer distinguishes three categories of human needs that influence worker s behavior. They were e existence, r relatedness and g for growth needs. Needs are physiological or psychological scarcities that stimulate behavior therefore are necessary to live a healthy, productive lives both in personal and work lives. The theory is traced from its outgrowth of maslows.
41 255 181 23 1454 697 91 1134 1302 793 198 360 733 1033 1421 1201 1467 12 885 791 1370 647 582 1105 698 714 1281 740 1107 439 573 928 492 1239 725 444 561 237 615 489 921 1301 1393 1256 1321 1280 373 714